Kebijakan Mitigasi Bencana Kebakaran Hutan Gambut di Kalimantan Tengah

Abstract

There are two kinds of disasters in Kalimantan: floods in the rainy season and peat moss forest fires in the dry season. Both of the disasters, which happen every year, are caused by human and inappropriate policy in exploiting natural resources. Concerning peat moss forest fires in Central Kalimantan, the global climate change issue has driven the local government to cope with the problems seriously in recent years. This study aims to find out what the correlation between peat moss forest fires and global climate change is and how the local government’s policies overcome peat moss forest fires. There are two goals to achieve, namely 1) to find out the correlation between peat moss forest fires and global climate change; 2) to find out local government policies on disaster mitigation of peat moss forest fires and how private people’s and Dayak society’s support to the policies is. The method applied is descriptive qualitative by using observation data, documents, and interviews. The analysis uses an institutional approach, a model of policy studies. The research discovers that 1) there is a significant correlation between peat moss forest fires and climate change, i.e. peat moss forest fires happen because of human errors and lack of protection from the government; 2) local government has made the necessary policies on disaster mitigation of peat moss forest fires in cooperation with private people and Dayak society.

 

Keywords: peat moss forest fires, climate change, disaster mitigation, community roles.

 

Abstrak

Terdapat dua macam bencana yang terjadi di Kalimantan, yaitu banjir di musim hujan serta kebakaran hutan gambut di musim kemarau. Bencana yang terjadi setiap tahun itu akibat ulah manusia serta kesalahan kebijakan dalam memanfaatkan sumber daya alam. Untuk bencana kebakaran hutan gambut di Kalimantan Tengah, menyebarnya isu perubahan iklim global telah membuat pemerintah daerah tergerak menanggulanginya dalam beberapa tahun terakhir. Apa korelasi kebakaran hutan gambut dengan perubahan iklim global dan bagaimana kebijakan pemerintah daerah menanggulanginya, merupakan pertanyaan yang akan dijawab melalui penelitian ini. Ada dua tujuan yang hendak dicapai, 1)mengetahui kerelasi kebakaran hutan gambut dengan perubahan iklim global; 2) mengetahui kebijakan pemerintah daerah dalam mitigasi bencana kebakaran hutan gambut serta bagaimana dukungan swasta dan masyarakat Dayak terhadap kebijakan itu. Metode yang digunakan deskriptif kualitatif dengan memanfaatkan data observasi, dokumen, dan interview. Analisisnya menggunakan pendekatan kelembagaan yang merupakan salah satu model dalam studi kebijakan. Hasil penelitian menemukan, 1) ada korelasi signifikan antara kebakaran hutan gambut dengan perubahan iklim, di mana kebakaran hutan gambut terjadi akibat ulah manusia dan minimnya proteksi dari pemerintah daerah; 2)pemerintah daerah telah membuat kebijakan mitigasi bencana kebakaran hutan gambut dengan melakukan kerjasama dengan swasta dan masyarakat lokal Dayak.

 

Kata-Kata Kunci: kebakaran hutan gambut, perubahan iklim, mitigasi bencana, peran masyarakat.

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References

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