Abstract
Poverty eradication has become the attention of many parties over the years. Ironically, poverty is still a problem in many developing countries, including Indonesia. The failure of the poverty eradication programs includes errors in determining strategies and public policies because the problem of poverty cannot be solved through short-term, partial, and sectoral policies. Strategy and public policy making requires adequate knowledge regarding the main causes of poverty. Besides, analysis needs to be done to evaluate the impacts of the implementation of public policies on the recognition, fulfillment, and protection of the fundamental rights of the poor. The high increase of world oil price and the large volume of oil consumed have resulted in fuel subsidy burden, which has forced the government to raise the subsidized fuel prices by 28,7% in May 2008 so that the fuel subsidies can be reduced. Associated with the reduction in fuel subsidies, the price of domestic fuel (kerosene) increases significantly and this had driven the government to convert kerosene to LPG. In this case, kerosene is the fuel most widely used by the poor and simultaneously reduces their spending burdens due to soaring crude oil prices.
Key words: poverty, conversion
Abstrak
Penanggulangan kemiskinan telah menjadi perhatian banyak pihak selama ini. Ironisnya, kemiskinan masih menjadi masalah di berbagai negara berkembang, termasuk Indonesia Kegagalan program penanggulangan kemiskinan selama ini di antaranya kekeliruan dalam penentuan strategi dan kebijakan publik, karena masalah kemiskinan tidak dapat dipecahkan melalui kebijakan yang bersifat sektoral, parsial, dan berjangka pendek. Pembuatan sebuah strategi dan kebijakan publik memerlukan pengetahuan yang memadai perihal penyebab utama kemiskinan, di samping itu analisis pun perlu dilakukan untuk menilai dampak pelaksanaan kebijakan publik terhadap penghargaan, pemenuhan, dan perlindungan hak-hak dasar masyarakat miskin. Perkembangan harga minyak dunia yang tinggi serta volume minyak yang besar telah menyebabkan beban subsidi BBM (Bahan Bakar Minyak) yang dialokasikan dalam Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Negara (APBN) tidak mencukupi sehingga memaksa pemerintah menaikkan harga BBM bersubsidi sebesar 28,7% pada Mei 2008 agar subsidi BBM dapat dikurangi. Terkait dengan pengurangan subsidi BBM, harga bahan bakar rumah tangga (minyak tanah) mengalami kenaikan yang cukup tinggi sehingga pemerintah memandang perlu mengambil kebijakan konversi minyak tanah ke LPG. Dalam hal ini, minyak tanah merupakan bahan bakar minyak yang paling banyak digunakan masyarakat miskin dan sekaligus dapat mengurangi beban belanjanya akibat melambungnya harga minyak bumi.
Kata-kata kunci: kemiskinan, konversi.
References
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