ARSITEKTUR KOMUNIKASI PARTISIPATIF DALAM FORUM KONSULTASI PUBLIK RENCANA KERJA PEMERINTAH DAERAH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47431/jkp.v5i1.965Keywords:
komunikasi partisipatif, konsultasi publik, perencanaan pembangunanAbstract
Konsultasi publik dimaksudkan untuk mengubah perencanaan pembangunan daerah dari kegiatan teknokratis menjadi proses dialogis yang memungkinkan warga memengaruhi prioritas. Dalam penelitian ini, arsitektur komunikasi dimaknai sebagai rancangan hubungan antara akses informasi, komposisi aktor, arena interaksi dan mekanisme akuntabilitas yang menentukan bagaimana suara publik dapat masuk, dipertukarkan, dan ditindaklanjuti dalam proses perencanaan. Penelitian ini menganalisis arsitektur komunikasi partisipatif yang terdokumentasi dalam Rancangan Awal Rencana Kerja Pemerintah Daerah (Ranwal RKPD) Tahun 2027 dan undangan Forum Konsultasi Publiknya di Kabupaten Maluku Tenggara. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan analisis dokumen melalui pembacaan berulang, ekstraksi data, klasifikasi aktor, dan pengodean tematik terhadap dimensi akses, aktor, arena, dan akuntabilitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan komitmen normatif yang kuat terhadap pendekatan partisipatif, atas-bawah dan bawah-atas, politis, serta teknokratis. Namun, struktur undangan yang terdokumentasi sangat didominasi birokrasi: 57 dari 61 jabatan yang diundang (93,44%) mewakili pemerintah kabupaten, sedangkan undangan lainnya mencakup satu lembaga statistik dan tiga perguruan tinggi. Organisasi masyarakat sipil, perwakilan masyarakat dan adat, kelompok usaha, media, perempuan, pemuda, penyandang disabilitas, serta perwakilan tingkat desa/ohoi tidak tercantum secara eksplisit. Dokumen tersebut juga tidak menetapkan saluran penyampaian masukan terbuka, mekanisme fasilitasi tematik, matriks tanggapan, atau prosedur pelaporan publik yang menjelaskan bagaimana usulan diterima, diubah, atau ditolak. Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa forum secara kelembagaan dibingkai sebagai konsultasi, tetapi rancangan pradeliberasi yang terdokumentasi belum memenuhi persyaratan komunikasi partisipatif substantif. Artikel ini mengusulkan model 4A (Akses, Aktor, Arena, dan Akuntabilitas) sebagai kerangka praktis untuk merancang konsultasi publik yang inklusif di wilayah kepulauan.
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